Physical Transformation AtlasPTA
Claim · claim:seebeck-observed-bi2te3

Seebeck effect —observed in→ Bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃)

The atlas records this claim as established: the Seebeck effect has been observed in a bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃).

establishedno record-level review date

Exploreconditions · evidence · matrix context · cite

1cited sources0enumerated routes using it0routes with composition evidence0recorded pathways

Conditions

No conditions recorded.

Evidence · 1

  1. [1]
    H. J. Goldsmid. Introduction to Thermoelectricity (2nd ed.) (2016)
    Springer Series in Materials Science 121 · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49256-7 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record

Related matrix context

This claim does not itself create a matrix cell. The context below belongs to Seebeck effect, the phenomenon it is about.

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

family: Thermoelectric (C.01)
D.01 × C.01 · Temperature gradient × Thermoelectric · Established

Cite this claim

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). claim claim:seebeck-observed-bi2te3: Seebeck effect —observed in→ Bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃). Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/claim/seebeck-observed-bi2te3

Ids and matrix addresses are stable across revisions; the revision hash identifies the exact canonical files the record was compiled from and is meta.data_hash in every /api export. Reuse terms: see the license field in any export.