Temperature gradient —drives→ Marangoni effect

Conditions

• thermocapillary case: surface tension falls with temperature, so a temperature gradient along the interface drives flow toward the cold side

Evidence · 2

1. [1]
   L. E. Scriven, C. V. Sternling. The Marangoni Effects (1960)

   Nature 187, 186-188 · doi:10.1038/187186a0 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-20 · record
2. [2]
   Q. Dai et al.. Directional interfacial motion of liquids: Fundamentals, evaluations, and manipulation strategies (2021)

   Tribology International 154, 106749 · doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106749 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-20 · record

Matrix cells this relation feeds

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

Uses of this claim

• Thermocapillary micromotordemonstrated · 3 steps
• Thermocapillary streaming-potential generator (proposed)proposed in the literature, not demonstrated · 5 steps
• Thermocapillary piezoelectric micro heat engineproposed in the literature, not demonstrated · 7 steps

• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Electromagnetic induction → Charge carriers → Electrical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Rotating-machine generator action → Charge carriers → Electrical work5/5 established · candidate
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work4/5 established · candidate
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Streaming potential → Ionic current → Electrical work4/5 established · candidate
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Pressure gradient → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work4/5 established · weakly supported
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Pressure gradient → Streaming potential → Ionic current → Electrical work4/5 established · weakly supported
• Chemical potential difference → Combustion → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Electric potential difference → Peltier effect → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Electric potential difference → Ettingshausen effect → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Incident radiation flux → Photothermal absorption → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Radiative imbalance with the sky → Radiative sky cooling → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fission → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work5/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fusion → Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work3/5 established · extends a recorded pathway
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Pressure gradient → Elastic deformation → Mechanical stress or strain → Elastocaloric effect → Cooling4/6 established · same energy form
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Pressure gradient → Elastic deformation → Mechanical stress or strain → Elastocaloric effect → Useful heat4/6 established · same energy form
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Electromagnetic induction → Charge carriers → Electrical work7/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Rotating-machine generator action → Charge carriers → Electrical work7/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Flow-induced vibration → Mechanical vibration → Triboelectric effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work7/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Flow-induced vibration → Mechanical vibration → Electrostatic induction (variable capacitance) → Charge carriers → Electrical work7/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Flow-induced vibration → Mechanical vibration → Reverse electrowetting → Charge carriers → Electrical work5/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Flow-induced vibration → Mechanical vibration → Resonant vibration → Mechanical motion → Mechanical work7/7 established · unresolved handoff
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Electromagnetic induction → Charge carriers → Electrical work6/7 established · candidate
• Temperature gradient → Marangoni effect → Fluid flow → Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic lift → Mechanical motion → Rotating-machine generator action → Charge carriers → Electrical work6/7 established · extends a recorded pathway

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Cite this claim

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). claim claim:temperature-drives-marangoni: Temperature gradient —drives→ Marangoni effect. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/claim/temperature-drives-marangoni

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