Physical Transformation AtlasPTA
Disequilibrium · disequilibrium:uniform-thermal-energy

Thermal energy at uniform temperature

A body at the same temperature as its surroundings holds a great deal of energy and no exergy. Included so that the atlas can say so explicitly.

symbol T = T₀Thermodynamicsenergy form thermalexergy nonealso: ambient heat, single-reservoir heat

Atlas record: 2 claims reference this disequilibrium — 1 established and 1 demonstrated.

Explorerelations · matrix context · sources · cite

2claims0enumerated routes0routes with complete-composition evidence0candidate routes not searched2cited sources

Relations

drives · 1
Thermal energy at uniform temperature—drives→Information-to-work conversiondemonstrated
  • feedback control based on measurement of a fluctuating particle; the work extracted is bounded by kT·ln2 per bit of information used
Not a violation of the second law — the measurement and erasure of the record cost at least the work extracted.
bounded by · 1
Thermal energy at uniform temperature—bounded by→Second law of thermodynamicsestablished
  • a single reservoir at one temperature
No cyclic process extracts work from a single reservoir. Recorded so that the matrix row can show "forbidden" rather than "unknown".

Matrix context

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

C.01 ThermoelectricC.02 ThermionicC.03 ThermoacousticC.04 PyroelectricC.05 ThermogalvanicC.06 ThermomagneticC.07 ThermophotovoltaicC.08 Heat engine (thermomechanical)C.09 Caloric (magneto/electro/elasto)C.10 PiezoelectricC.11 FlexoelectricC.12 TriboelectricC.13 Electrostatic (variable capacitance)C.14 Electromagnetic inductionC.15 MagnetostrictiveC.16 MagnetoelectricC.17 Spin caloritronicC.18 PhotovoltaicC.19 PhotoelectrochemicalC.20 PhotothermalC.21 ElectrochemicalC.22 Osmotic / salinity-gradientC.23 ElectrokineticC.24 TurbomachineryC.25 MagnetohydrodynamicC.26 RadiovoltaicC.27 Nuclear heatC.28 RectennaC.29 ThermochemicalC.30 BiologicalC.31 Fluctuation / information-drivenC.32 Photon momentumC.33 ThermodiffusiveC.34 MarangoniC.35 AcoustoelectricC.36 PhotodiffusiveC.37 Thermo-osmoticC.38 ElectrohydrodynamicC.39 RadioluminescentC.40 Thermopolarization

Cited sources · 2

  1. [1]
    A. Bejan. Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics (4th ed.) (2016)
    Wiley · doi:10.1002/9781119245964 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record
  2. [2]
    S. Toyabe et al.. Experimental demonstration of information-to-energy conversion and validation of the generalized Jarzynski equality (2010)
    Nature Physics 6, 988–992 · doi:10.1038/nphys1821 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record

Cite this entity

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). entity disequilibrium:uniform-thermal-energy: Thermal energy at uniform temperature. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/e/disequilibrium/uniform-thermal-energy

Ids and matrix addresses are stable across revisions; the revision hash identifies the exact canonical files the record was compiled from and is meta.data_hash in every /api export. Reuse terms: see the license field in any export.