Temperature inversion of the thermal polarization of water
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Metadata verified on Crossref; abstract read on OpenAlex. NEMD: the thermal polarization of water depends strongly on temperature and reverses sign at a specific temperature, the balance of dipolar and quadrupolar contributions with the quadrupolar term set by thermal expansion. Simulation.
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- Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work1/3 established
- Chemical potential difference → Combustion → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Electric potential difference → Peltier effect → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Electric potential difference → Ettingshausen effect → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Incident radiation flux → Photothermal absorption → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Radiative imbalance with the sky → Radiative sky cooling → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fission → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fusion → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work1/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Radioactive decay → Beta particles → Radioisotope heating → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work5/7 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Radioactive decay → Alpha particles → Radioisotope heating → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work5/7 established
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Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). source source:armstrong-bresme-2015-thermal-polarization-inversion: Temperature inversion of the thermal polarization of water. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/source/armstrong-bresme-2015-thermal-polarization-inversion
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