Theory of Thermopolarization Effect
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Abstract read on OpenAlex. The polarization response of an insulator to a temperature gradient described through the free-energy response to an electric-field gradient (the Q tensor): a unified description of polarization responses to electric fields and temperature gradients, a generalized Mott relation, an analogy with the anomalous Hall and Nernst effects; observable as a Seebeck-like signal when the sample is shorter than the screening length. Modern linear-response theory of the direct effect.
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- Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work1/3 established
- Chemical potential difference → Combustion → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Electric potential difference → Peltier effect → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Electric potential difference → Ettingshausen effect → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Incident radiation flux → Photothermal absorption → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Radiative imbalance with the sky → Radiative sky cooling → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fission → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work3/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fusion → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work1/5 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Radioactive decay → Beta particles → Radioisotope heating → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work5/7 established
- Nuclear binding-energy difference → Radioactive decay → Alpha particles → Radioisotope heating → Temperature gradient → Thermopolarization effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work5/7 established
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Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). source source:onishi-2025-thermopolarization: Theory of Thermopolarization Effect. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/source/onishi-2025-thermopolarization
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