Physical Transformation AtlasPTA
Claim · claim:betavoltaic-produces-pairs

Betavoltaic effect —produces→ Electron–hole pairs

The atlas records this claim as established: the betavoltaic effect produces electron–hole pairs.

establishedledger electronic-excitation → electronic-excitationno record-level review date

Exploreconditions · evidence · matrix context · uses · cite

2cited sources1enumerated routes using it1routes with composition evidence1recorded pathways

Conditions

No conditions recorded.

Evidence · 2

  1. [1]
    P. Rappaport. The electron-voltaic effect in p-n junctions induced by beta-particle bombardment (1954)
    Physical Review 93, 246 · doi:10.1103/PhysRev.93.246.2 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record
  2. [2]
    M. A. Prelas, et al.. A review of nuclear batteries (2014)
    Progress in Nuclear Energy 75, 117–148 · doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2014.04.007 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record

Related matrix context

This claim does not itself create a matrix cell. The context below belongs to Betavoltaic effect, the phenomenon it is about.

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

family: Radiovoltaic (C.26)

Uses of this claim

recorded pathways · 1

Cite this claim

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). claim claim:betavoltaic-produces-pairs: Betavoltaic effect —produces→ Electron–hole pairs. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/claim/betavoltaic-produces-pairs

Ids and matrix addresses are stable across revisions; the revision hash identifies the exact canonical files the record was compiled from and is meta.data_hash in every /api export. Reuse terms: see the license field in any export.