Phenomenon · phenomenon:magnetohydrodynamic-effect

Magnetohydrodynamic generation

A conducting fluid, plasma or liquid metal, moving through a magnetic field experiences a transverse EMF across electrodes. A moving conductor with no solid rotor.

Plasma physicsfirst reported 1832also: MHD effect, Faraday MHD generator, MHD generator, magnetohydrodynamic generator, MHD power generation

Atlas record: 6 claims reference this phenomenon — 4 established and 2 demonstrated.

Explorerelations · matrix context · routes · sources · cite

conditions: bulk flow required · magnetic field required

6claims7enumerated routes1routes with complete-composition evidence2candidate routes not searched4cited sources

Relations

drives · 2

Bulk fluid flow—drives→Magnetohydrodynamic generationestablished

an electrically conducting fluid — seeded combustion plasma or liquid metal — crossing a strong magnetic field between electrodes

Hot gas—drives→Magnetohydrodynamic generationdemonstrated

combustion gas above ~2500 K seeded with potassium to make it conducting

produces · 1

Magnetohydrodynamic generation—produces→Charge carriersestablished

member of · 1

Magnetohydrodynamic generation—member of→Magnetohydrodynamicestablished

implemented by · 1

Magnetohydrodynamic generation—implemented by→MHD generatordemonstrated

bounded by · 1

Magnetohydrodynamic generation—bounded by→Carnot limitestablished

when the flow is produced by a thermal expansion

Matrix context

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

D.10 × C.25 · Bulk fluid flow × Magnetohydrodynamic · Established

family: Magnetohydrodynamic (C.25)

Enumerated routes through this · 7

Combustion MHD generator7/7 est · demonstrated
Bulk fluid flow → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work3/3 est · extends a recorded pathway
Chemical potential difference → Combustion → Hot gas → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work4/5 est · extends a recorded pathway
Gravitational potential difference → Gravitational descent of fluid → Bulk fluid flow → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work5/5 est · candidate
Gravitational potential difference → Tidal flow → Bulk fluid flow → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work5/5 est · candidate
Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fission → Hot gas → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work4/5 est · candidate
Nuclear binding-energy difference → Nuclear fission → Hot gas → Gas-dynamic expansion → Bulk fluid flow → Magnetohydrodynamic generation → Charge carriers → Electrical work7/7 est · extends a recorded pathway

Cited sources · 4

[1]
R. J. Rosa. Physical principles of magnetohydrodynamic power generation (1961)
Physics of Fluids 4, 182–194 · doi:10.1063/1.1724426 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record
[2]
L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, L. P. Pitaevskii. Electrodynamics of Continuous Media (Course of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 8, 2nd ed.) (1984)
Pergamon · book, no DOI · record
[3]
A. Bejan. Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics (4th ed.) (2016)
Wiley · doi:10.1002/9781119245964 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record
[4]
NASA Lewis Research Center, Electromagnetic Propulsion Division. Lewis Tech Preview: Research Nonequilibrium MHD Power Generator Facility
NASA Lewis Research Center tech preview N-422 67/11-39 (one page; the date is not printed beyond that document code) · www1.grc.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/MHD-Power-Generator-Facility-Tech-Preview.pdf · record

Cite this entity

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). entity phenomenon:magnetohydrodynamic-effect: Magnetohydrodynamic generation. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/phenomenon/magnetohydrodynamic-effect

Ids and matrix addresses are stable across revisions; the revision hash identifies the exact canonical files the record was compiled from and is meta.data_hash in every /api export. Reuse terms: see the license field in any export.