Physical Transformation AtlasPTA
Pathway · p-cfd11e3e94 · candidate

Incident radiation flux → Electrical work

Incident radiation fluxPhoto-Dember effectSeparated surface chargeElectrical work

Epistemic state of the route

known constituent relations
3 / 3 established or replicated · weakest constituent established
constituent maturity floor
K4 · experimentally observed
search for this exact route
Not assessed — complete composition not searched.
recorded-pathway overlap
none recorded
route-level evidence
0 sources for the complete composition · 4 cited by the constituent steps
boundaries and interfaces
BOUNDARY compatible · no region transition

Explorematrix context · physics checks · steps · route evidence · constituent evidence · cite

Matrix context

D = disequilibrium row · C = coupling family column. A cell reads the state of the atlas for that pair.

D.11 × C.36 · Incident radiation flux × Photodiffusivefamily: Photodiffusive

Steps

  1. 01
    Incident radiation flux —drives→ Photo-Dember effectestablishedclaim record
    radiative → electrical · loss to thermal
    • non-uniform above-gap illumination of a semiconductor with a large electron–hole mobility difference (InAs, InSb); pulsed excitation gives the transient current used for terahertz emission, steady illumination a Dember photovoltage
    solid · semiconductor required · illumination required
    refs [1] [2] [3]
  2. 02
    Photo-Dember effect —produces→ Separated surface chargeestablishedclaim record
    electrical → electrical
    refs [2]
  3. 03
    Separated surface charge —converts into→ Electrical workestablishedclaim record
    electrical → electrical · loss to thermal
    • electrodes on the charged surfaces connected through a load
    refs [4]

Evidence for the complete composition · 0

No source on record for this exact composition. The sources below support the individual steps, not the route as a whole.

Evidence for the constituent relations · 4

  1. [1]
    M. B. Johnston et al.. Simulation of terahertz generation at semiconductor surfaces (2002)
    Physical Review B 65, 165301 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.65.165301 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-20 · record
  2. [2]
    V. Apostolopoulos, M. E. Barnes. THz emitters based on the photo-Dember effect (2014)
    Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, 374002 · doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/37/374002 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-20 · record
  3. [3]
    J. F. Schetzina. Steady-state transport in trap-dominated relaxation semiconductors (1975)
    Physical Review B 11, 4994–4998 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.11.4994 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-20 · record
  4. [4]
    H. B. Radousky, H. Liang. Energy harvesting: an integrated view of materials, devices and applications (2012)
    Nanotechnology 23, 502001 · doi:10.1088/0957-4484/23/50/502001 · crossref ✓ 2026-09-19 · record

Cite this route

Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). route p-cfd11e3e94: Incident radiation flux → Photo-Dember effect → Separated surface charge → Electrical work. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/path/cfd11e3e94

Ids and matrix addresses are stable across revisions; the revision hash identifies the exact canonical files the record was compiled from and is meta.data_hash in every /api export. Reuse terms: see the license field in any export.