Electrical work
Charge driven through an external load at a maintained potential difference, whatever the waveform — direct, alternating or oscillating at a radio frequency — unless a record narrows it. The most transportable and convertible form of work.
Atlas record: 5 claims reference this output — 5 established.
Explorerelations · routes · sources · cite
Relations
- charge collected at an electrode and driven through an external load at the potential the flow maintains
- the junction field separates the pair and the carriers reach the contacts before recombining
- electrodes on the charged surfaces connected through a load
- electrodes exchange the ionic current for an electronic current through the external load
- carriers driven through an external load at the potential difference the source maintains
Enumerated routes through this · 540 (showing 24)
- AMTEC cell1/3 est · demonstrated
- Thermoelectric generator3/3 est · demonstrated
- Thermionic converter3/3 est · demonstrated
- Thermogalvanic cell3/3 est · demonstrated
- Thermally regenerative electrochemical cycle1/3 est · demonstrated
- Nernst–Ettingshausen generator3/3 est · demonstrated
- Anomalous Nernst thermopile3/3 est · demonstrated
- Electrokinetic microchannel generator3/3 est · demonstrated
- Concentration cell3/3 est · demonstrated
- Reverse electrodialysis plant3/3 est · demonstrated
- Capacitive mixing cell1/3 est · demonstrated
- Galvanic battery discharge3/3 est · demonstrated
- Hydrogen fuel cell3/3 est · demonstrated
- Magnetoelectric stray-field harvester3/3 est · demonstrated
- Triboelectric nanogenerator3/3 est · demonstrated
- Electrostatic (electret) vibration harvester3/3 est · demonstrated
- Reverse-electrowetting harvester1/3 est · demonstrated
- Photovoltaic module3/3 est · demonstrated
- Vacuum photocell3/3 est · demonstrated
- Photon-enhanced thermionic converter1/3 est · demonstrated
- Droplet-based electricity generator2/3 est · demonstrated
- Pyroelectric harvester3/3 est · demonstrated
- Thermo-driven nanofluidic electrokinetic converter3/4 est · demonstrated
- Thermomagnetic hydrodynamic energy harvester3/4 est · demonstrated
Cited sources · 7
- [1]S. Fujimoto, T. Terado. Fundamental characteristics of liquid-filled electrohydrodynamic generator (1977)
- [2]L. Hao et al.. Interfacial electro-hydrodynamics inspired micro/nano-fluidic energy conversion: from mechanism to applications (2025)
- [3]W. Shockley, H. J. Queisser. Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells (1961)
- [4]C. Kittel. Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed.) (2005)
- [5]H. B. Radousky, H. Liang. Energy harvesting: an integrated view of materials, devices and applications (2012)
- [6]A. J. Bard, L. R. Faulkner. Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications (2nd ed.) (2001)
- [7]N. W. Ashcroft, N. D. Mermin. Solid State Physics (1976)
Cite this entity
Physical Transformation Atlas (2026). entity output:electricity: Electrical work. Dataset revision rbfbfcbb70e57 (hash of the canonical data). https://physical-transformation-atlas.wldud5192.workers.dev/e/output/electricity
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